Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Phase 3 Member Survey (2023) Report

Sixty-five individual TMC Fleet Executive level members responded to TMC’s “Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Phase 3 Member Survey,” which was administered in May and June 2023. The purpose of the study was to gather intelligence required for American Trucking Associations,Inc. (ATA) to offer a comprehensive response to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) GHG Phase 3 proposal. The survey consisted of 25 questions, covering fleet demographics, experience with battery electric and hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, as well as any future plans the responding fleets may have regarding these tech- nologies and the infrastructure that supports them. The majority of those responding indicated little or no experience with either BEVs or hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. Of those that did report experience, a majority reported being either greatly dissatisfied or dissatisfied with respect to range, charging times and cost.

While most respondents did not have current experience with BEVs or hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, 50 percent reported they expect to have to include them in their fleets, mainly to comply with anticipated future regulations. Respondents are generally negative regarding the anticipated payback period for the new technologies as compared to their existing fleet inventory, and many expressed concern over long lead times for charging station installations and infrastructure challenges. In order to compensate for these perceived challenges, many reported needing weight exemptions, financial and tax incentives and extended rollout timetables for regulatory compliance if BEVs and hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are to be successfully integrated into their fleet operations.